Travel 101: Everything first-time fliers should know

The first flight experience comes with many questions: What documents are required? How early should you arrive? What happens at security? Here are clear, step-by-step answers so first-time flyers can focus on the excitement of the journey instead of the stress of the unknown.

ID requirements

Before you can board, you’ll need the right identification depending on whether you’re flying domestically or internationally.

Domestic flights (within the U.S.):
A government-issued photo ID is required—most travelers use a driver’s license or state ID. Starting May 7, 2025, you’ll need a REAL ID (look for a star in the top corner) or another accepted ID like a passport.

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International flights:
A valid passport is required. Many countries require it to be valid for at least six months beyond your return date. Some destinations also require a visa—check entry requirements well in advance.

💡 Tip: Keep your ID accessible. You’ll need it at check-in, security, boarding, and possibly at your destination.

Recommended arrival times

Arriving early ensures you have enough time to check in, clear security, and reach your gate without stress.

• Domestic flights: Arrive at least 2 hours before departure.  

• International flights: Arrive at least 3 hours before departure.

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💡 Tip: Add extra time during holidays, peak seasons, or bad weather.

Checking in & checking luggage

The check-in process and bag drop are your first steps on your journey.

• Check in online: Most airlines allow you to check in 24 hours before departure through their website or app. This saves time at the airport.
  

• Airport kiosks & counters: If you haven’t checked in online, you can print boarding passes at kiosks or go to the airline counter.  

• Checking bags: At the counter or bag-drop area, hand over your checked luggage, which will be tagged to your destination. Make sure your bag meets weight/size limits and has a luggage tag with your contact info.

💡 Tip: Keep medications, electronics, and valuables in your carry-on—never check them.

Carry-on bag rules

Knowing the size and weight limits for carry-ons helps you avoid last-minute surprises at the gate. Most airlines allow 1 carry-on bag + 1 personal item for free.

Carry-on size: Max 22” x 14” x 9” (56 x 36 x 23 cm), including wheels and handles. Must fit in the overhead bin.

Personal item size: Examples include a backpack, purse, or laptop bag. Must fit under the seat in front of you.

Prohibited items: Firearms, sharp objects, and aerosols are not allowed. Click here for a complete list.

💡 Tip: Check your airline’s website for exact size and weight rules—they vary.

Airport security process

Security screening is a key part of the journey, and knowing what to expect can make it smoother.

• Show ID and boarding pass at the TSA checkpoint.

• Screening: Remove jackets and belts and place them in a bin (unless you have TSA PreCheck or Global Entry). Walk through a scanner when directed.

• Electronics: Laptops and large devices must be removed and placed in a separate bin (unless you have TSA PreCheck or Global Entry).

• Liquids: Must be 3.4 oz (100 ml) or less and fit into one quart-sized clear bag.  

💡 Tip: Place liquids and electronics near the top of your carry-on bag for quick access.

Navigating the airport

Once past security, you’ll need to find your way to the right gate and prepare for boarding.

• Check departure boards for your gate number and boarding time. These can change.  

• Follow signs: Airports are well-marked with clear signage for gates, baggage claim, and amenities.  
  

• Allow time to walk: Large airports may require long walks or a shuttle/train to reach your gate.

Gate arrival and boarding

Arriving at the gate early keeps you on schedule and ensures you’re ready when boarding begins.

• Arrive early: Get to your gate at least 60 minutes before departure. Boarding often starts early.
  

• Boarding groups: Airlines call boarding in groups/zones. Yours is listed on your boarding pass.
  

• Have documents ready: Keep your ID and boarding pass accessible.

💡 Tip: Never use public charging stations. They can expose your device to “juice jacking,” a tactic hackers use to steal data or install malware.

Managing travel disruptions

Delays and cancellations happen, but knowing what to do helps you respond quickly.

• Delays or cancellations: Use your airline’s app for updates and rebooking.  
  

• Speak with gate agents or call customer service: Often quicker to start calling while in line to speak with a gate agent.

• Know your rights: You may be eligible for refunds, hotel, or meal vouchers in certain situations.

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Airplane etiquette

A few simple courtesies can make the flight more pleasant for you and your fellow passengers.

• Boarding & seating: Board only when your group is called. Store large bags overhead and smaller ones under the seat. Remember: the middle seat gets both armrests!  
  

• In-flight behavior: Use headphones, speak quietly, and recline seats respectfully. When using electronic devices, keep screen brightness to a minimum.  
  

• Movement: Don’t crowd the aisle. Wait patiently for restrooms. Use the call button only when necessary.

Deplaning

Exiting the plane takes time, but it’s easier if you’re ready and patient.

• Gather belongings: Check in seat pockets, under seats, and in overhead bins before leaving.
  

• Wait your turn: Don’t stand up before the seatbelt sign is off or rush ahead of others.

Baggage Claim

After landing, follow signs to baggage claim to collect any checked luggage.

• Locate your carousel: Screens list flight numbers and baggage carousel assignments.
  

• Double-check tags: Many bags look alike—check your baggage tag before leaving.

💡 Tip: If your bag doesn’t arrive, immediately report it at your airline’s baggage service office.

Customs & immigration (international flights)

International arrivals require additional steps to verify documents and declare items.

• Passport control: Present your passport, visa (if required), and customs form.  
  

• Customs declaration: Declare items you are bringing into the country. Certain foods, plants, and large amounts of currency may be restricted.  
  

• Re-check luggage for connections: In some airports, you’ll need to pick up your checked bags, clear customs, and then re-check them for connecting flights.

💡 Tip: Programs like Global Entry can save significant time when returning to the U.S.

Connecting flights

If you’re not at your final destination yet, follow airport signs to make your next flight on time.

• Security checks: In some cases (especially international connections), you may need to clear security again.
  

• Allow extra layover time: Give yourself at least 60–90 minutes for domestic and 2+ hours for international connections.

Ground transportation

Once you’ve collected your bags, you’ll need to choose how to leave the airport.

• Look for ground transport signs when exiting the baggage claim area.  
  

• Options include: taxis, rideshares, shuttles, buses, and rental cars.
  

• Some airports require a shuttle/train to reach rental car centers or ride-share pickup areas.

Final tips for first-time flyers

A few last reminders can help make your first flight less stressful and more enjoyable.

• Download the airline app: For mobile boarding passes, gate updates, and delay alerts.  
  

• Print or download your boarding pass: Phones can die—keep a paper backup.

• Wear easy-to-remove shoes: This speeds up the process if you are flagged for additional security.

• Pack snacks: Airport food is pricey. Carry granola bars, jerky, or other packaged food.

• Stay hydrated: Air cabins are dry—drink water regularly.

• Move around on long flights: Stretch or walk the aisle to stay comfortable and avoid blood clots.

• Dress in layers: Temperatures on planes fluctuate.

• Know your mobile plan: For international trips, check roaming charges or consider an eSIM.

• Check customs rules: Some countries restrict certain medications, foods, or electronics.

• Keep valuables close: Use a cross-body bag or money belt in crowded airports.

• Have digital and paper copies of important documents: This is useful in case of loss or theft.

• Ask for help: Airport and airline staff assist new travelers every day—don’t hesitate to ask questions.

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